APPENDIX A

Table A1. Geological and geographic information on the studied modern sand samples derived from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section. Estimated metamorphic temperatures and pressures are based mainly on Frey & Ferreiro Mählmann (1999), Engi et al. (2004), Burri et al. (2005) and Engi (2011) for the Lepontine Dome, on Galli et al. (2012) for the Gruf Complex, and on Henk et al. (1997) and Rutter et al. 2007 for the Southern Alps crustal section.
 
Table A2. Bulk-petrography of the studied modern-sand samples derived from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section (optical analysis by point counting according to the Gazzi-Dickinson method; Ingersoll et al., 1984). Q = quartz; KF = K-feldspar; P = plagioclase; L = lithic grains (Lvm = volcanic and low-rank metavolcanic; Ls = sedimentary and low-rank metasedimentary; Lc = carbonate; Lmf = medium/high-rank felsic metamorphic; Lmb = medium/high-rank metabasite; Lu = ultramafic). HM = heavy minerals. Metamorphic Index MI after Garzanti & Vezzoli (2003).

Table A3. Heavy-minerals assemblages in the studied modern-sand samples derived from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section (optical analysis by grain counting according to the area method; Mange and Maurer, 1992). Other Ti oxides include sagenite needles, anatase and brookite. Other amphiboles are largely actinolite and include significant cummingtonite in Moleno, Boggia, Marmontana and Schiesone sands. 

Table A4. Chemical composition of detrital amphiboles from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section, determined using Quantiview software provided by Cameca. OH and F contents were calculated following the method described in Deer et al. (1992).

Table A5. Chemical composition of detrital garnets from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section, determined using Quantiview software provided by Cameca.

Figure A1. Ternary plots for detrital garnets derived from the Lepontine Dome and Ivrea-Verbano crustal section. Provenance fields after Suggate & Hall (this volume). Abbreviations of garnet end members: Alm = almandine; And = andradite; Grs = grossular; Pyp = pyrope; Sch = schorlomite; Sps = spessartine. Diagrams kindly provided by Robert Hall.